You can refer to Hematology section (Read: thalassemia, Anemia, ALL, Sickle cell anemia).
The rest is basically similar to adults.
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Neonatal polycythemia
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Def
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Hematocrit >65% in term infants
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Nx
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· ⤴️ erythropoiesis from intrauterine hypoxia: DM, HTN, smoking; IUGR
· Erythrocyte transfusion: delayed cord clamping; twin-twin transfusion
· hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism; genetic trisomy (13, 18, 21)
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Clx
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· Asx (most common)
· Reddish skin
· ⤵️Glu – ⤴️Bilirubin
· Respiratory distress, cyanosis,
· Irritability, jitteriness
· Abdominal distension
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Tx
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· IV Fluid
· Glucose
· Partial exchange transfusion
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Iron deficiency anemia in young children
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RF
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· Prematurity
· Lead exposure
· Age < 1
– Delayed introduction of solids (ie, exclusive breastfeeding after 6 months)
– Cow’s, soy, or goat’s milk
· Age > 1
– >24 oz/day cow’s milk
– ❤ servings/day iron-rich foods
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Dx
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· Screening hemoglobin at age 1
· Hemoglobin <11 g/dL, ⤵️ MCV, ⤴️RDW
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Tx
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· Empiric trial of iron supplementation
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Avascular Necrosis
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Causes
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· SLE
· Sickle cell anemia
· Osteomyelitis
Steroids
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Clx
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· Groin pain on weight bearing
· Pain on hip abduction & internal rotation
· NO erythema, swelling, point tenderness
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Labs
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· ⓝ WBCs / ESR & CRP
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Imaging
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· MRI
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Fast HY Review 