Hernias

Protrusion of an organ through a body wall

·       hernia protrudes via the internal inguinal ring and lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels

·       hernia protrudes via the Hesselbach’s triangle and medial to the inferior epigastric vessels

·       Hesselbach’s triangle consists of the

o   inferior – inguinal ligament

o   lateral – inferior epigastric artery

o   medial – conjoint tendon

·       hernia protrudes through the femoral ring which is inferior to the inguinal ligament

·       the femoral ring is medial to the femoral vein and lateral to the lacunar ligament

·       Aging

·       Male sex 🤵🏻

·       increased intra-abdominal pressure secondary to

·       heavy lifting

·       chronic coughing

·       COPD

·       Family history

·       smoking

·       prior history of hernia

·       prior history of hernia repair

·       Asx

·       localized pain

·       heavy sensation in the groin

·       hernia may worsen with activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure

Clx (if uncertain → US)