Screenings

Who?
Age
Test
Every?
AAA
🤵🏻+🚬
65-75
Abdominal US
1 Time only
Breast cancer
💁🏻‍♀️
50-74
Mammogram
2 years
Cervical cancer
💁🏻‍♀️
21-65
pap smear
3 ys
30-65
pap smear + HPV DNA
5 ys
Colon cancer
💁🏻‍♀️🤵🏻
45-75
Colonoscopy
10 ys
💁🏻‍♀️🤵🏻
45-75
FOBT
FIT
1 year
·       1st-degree relateive w/ cancer <60
·       2 relatives at ANY age
40 or 10 ys before the age of dx of the affected relative
Colonoscopy
5 ys
IBD (crohn’s / UC)
8-10 ys post-dx
Colonoscopy
2 ys
Familial adenomatous polyposis
10-12
Colonoscopy
EVERY YEAR
Lynch
20-25
Colonoscopy
1-2 ys
HIV
💁🏻‍♀️🤵🏻
15-65
HIV Test
1 Time only
Tx of STD
HIV Test
Tx of TB
HIV Test
gay, IVDU, partner of HIV pt, sex for money
HIV Test
annually
Lung cancer
🤵🏻💁🏻‍♀️
🚬 ≥30 ys
OR quit <15 ys
55-80
CT Scan
1 year
Osteoporosis
💁🏻‍♀️
>65
DEXA
uncertain
Hep C
Born <1965
Anti-HCV
1 time
___________________________________________________
Colon cancer screening in patients with high risk:
Indication
Recommendations
Family Hx of adenomatous polyps or CRC
·       1 first-degree relative age <60
·       ≥2 first-degree relatives at any age
·       Age 40 or 10 years before the age of diagnosis in affected relative
·       Repeat every 5 years
IBS
·       8-10 years post-diagnosis (12-15 years of disease only in left colon)
·       Repeat every 1-2  years
Classic familial adenomatous polyposis
·       Age 10-12
·       Repeat annually
HNPCC (Lynch syndrome)
·       Age 20-25
·       Repeat every 1-2 years
*Whichever is earlier
US preventive services task force screening recommendations:
Disease
Age
Test and interval
Abdominal aortic aneurysm
Men age 65-75 who ever smoked
Abdominal ultrasound: 1time
Brest cancer
Women 50-74
Mammogram: every 2 years
Cervical cancer
Women 21-65
Pap smear: every 3 years ²
Colon cancer
Adults 50-75
FOBT or FIT: yearly or colonoscopy every 10 years
Hepatitis C
Adults born 1945-1965
Anti-HCV antibody: one time
HIV
Adults 15-65
HIV antibody screen: one time
Lung cancer
Adults 55-80, ≥30-pack-year smoking, current smoker or quit in last 15 years
Low-dose CT scan: every year
Osteoporosis
Women 65+
DEXA: interval uncertain
HIV screening indications:
Initial screening
·       Age 15-65 (+ younger or older if at risk)
·       Treatment for tuberculosis
·       Treatment for another STD
Annual screening
(or more frequent screening)
·       IVDU + sex partners
·       MSM
·       Sex for money or drugs
·       Partner of HIV-positive
·       Patient or partner has had >1 partner since last HIV test
·       Homeless shelter living
·       Correctional facility incarceration
Additional screening
·       Pregnancy
·       Occupational exposure to blood/body fluids
·       Any new STD symptoms
·       Suggested: prior to any new sexual relationship
MSM: gays
Recommendations for lung cancer screening:
Test
·       Low-dose chest CT scan
·       Yearly
Age
·       55-80
Who?
·       ≥30-pack-year smoking hx
AND
·       Still smoking
·       Quit within the last 15 years
When to stop?
·       Age >80
OR
·       Patient successfully quit smoking for ≥ 15 years
OR
·       Patient has other medical problems that significantly limit life expectancy or ability/ willingness to undergo lung cancer surgery.
 Screening tests for DM
A1c
Preferred test in nonfasting state
• >6.5% = Diabetes mellitus
• 5.7-6.4% =Increased risk for diabetes
• <5.7% =Normal
Fasting blood glucose
• No caloric intake for >8 hours
• ~126 mg/dl = Diabetes mellitus
• 100-125 mg/dl = Increased risk for diabetes
• <100 mg/dl =Normal
Random glucose levels
• ~200 mg/dl with symptoms of hyperglycemia = Diabetes mellitus
• 140-199 mg/dl =Increased risk for diabetes.
• <140 mg/dl =Normal
Oral glucose tolerance test
Most sensitive test
• 75 g glucose load with glucose testing for 2 hours
• ~200 mg/dl = Diabetes mellitus
• 140-199 mg/dl= Increased risk for diabetes
• <140 mg/dl =Normal
Note
• Testing may be repeated in cases of discordant or equivocal results
• If a patient is asymptomatic, a positive test should be reconfirmed with the same test on a different day

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